Government of Estonia

For the subdivision of the Russian Empire also known as the "Government of Estonia", see Governorate of Estonia.
Government of Republic of Estonia
Estonian: Eesti Vabariigi valitsus
Suurriigivapp eng.png
Overview
Established 24 February 1918
State Republic of Estonia
Leader Prime Minister of Estonia
Appointed by President of Estonia
Main organ Government Office of Estonia
Headquarters Rahukohtu 3, 15161 Tallinn, Estonia
Website www.valitsus.ee/en

The Government of the Republic of Estonia (Estonian: Vabariigi Valitsus) is the cabinet of Estonia. Under the Constitution, it exercises executive power pursuant to the Constitution and laws of Estonia.

The cabinet carries out the country's domestic and foreign policy, shaped by parliament (Riigikogu); it directs and co-ordinates the work of government institutions and bears full responsibility for everything occurring within the authority of executive power. The government, headed by the Prime Minister, thus represents the political leadership of the country and makes decisions in the name of the whole executive power.

The following duties are attributed to the cabinet by the Constitution of Estonia:[1]

  1. executes the domestic and foreign policies of the state;
  2. directs and co-ordinates the activities of government agencies;
  3. administers the implementation of laws, resolutions of the Riigikogu (Parliament), and legislation of the President of the Republic of Estonia;
  4. introduces bills, and submits international treaties to the Riigikogu for ratification and denunciation;
  5. prepares the draft of the state budget and submits it to the Riigikogu, administers the implementation of the state budget and presents a report on the implementation of the state budget to the Riigikogu;
  6. issues regulations and orders on the basis of and for the implementation of law;
  7. manages relations with other states;
  8. performs other duties which the Constitution and the laws vest in the Government of the Republic.

Unlike other cabinets in most other parliamentary regimes, the Government is both the de jure and de facto executive authority in Estonia. In most other parliamentary regimes, the head of state is usually the nominal chief executive, though bound by convention to act on the advice of the cabinet. In Estonia, however, the Constitution explicitly vests executive authority in the Government, not the President.

Current cabinet

Main article: Kaja Kallas' cabinet

The current cabinet was approved by the Riigikogu on 26 January 2021.

Previous cabinets

Estonian Provisional Government

Number Government[2] Term of office Days in office
1 Konstantin Päts' first provisional cabinet 24 February 1918 – 12 November 1918 262
2 Konstantin Päts' second provisional cabinet 12 November 1918 – 27 November 1918 16
3 Konstantin Päts' third provisional cabinet 27 November 1918 – 9 May 1919 164

Constituent cabinets

Number Government[3] Term of office Days in office
4 Otto Strandman's first cabinet 9 May 1919 – 18 November 1919 194
5 Jaan Tõnisson's first cabinet 18 November 1919 – 28 July 1920 254
6 Ado Birk's cabinet 28 July 1920 – 30 July 1920 3
7 Jaan Tõnisson's second cabinet 30 July 1920 – 26 October 1920 89
8 Ants Piip's cabinet 26 October 1920 – 25 January 1921 92

Riigikogu cabinets

Number Government[4] Term of office Days in office
9 Konstantin Päts' first cabinet 25 January 1921 – 21 November 1922 666
10 Juhan Kukk's cabinet 21 November 1922 – 2 August 1923 255
11 Konstantin Päts' second cabinet 2 August 1923 – 26 March 1924 238
12 Friedrich Karl Akel's cabinet 26 March 1924 – 16 December 1924 266
13 Jüri Jaakson's cabinet 16 December 1924 – 15 December 1925 365
14 Jaan Teemant's first cabinet 15 December 1925 – 23 July 1926 221
15 Jaan Teemant's second cabinet 23 July 1926 – 4 March 1927 225
16 Jaan Teemant's third cabinet 4 March 1927 – 9 December 1927 281
17 Jaan Tõnisson's third cabinet 9 December 1927 – 4 December 1928 362
18 August Rei's cabinet 4 December 1928 – 9 July 1929 218
19 Otto Strandman's second cabinet 9 July 1929 – 12 February 1931 584
20 Konstantin Päts' third cabinet 12 February 1931 – 19 February 1932 373
21 Jaan Teemant's fourth cabinet 19 February 1932 – 19 July 1932 152
22 Kaarel Eenpalu's first cabinet 19 July 1932 – 1 November 1932 106
23 Konstantin Päts' fourth cabinet 1 November 1932 – 18 May 1933 199
24 Jaan Tõnisson's fourth cabinet 18 May 1933 – 21 October 1933 157
25 Konstantin Päts' fifth cabinet 21 October 1933 – 24 April 1938 1647

Presidents cabinet

Number Government[5] Term of office Days in office
26 Kaarel Eenpalu's second cabinet 9 May 1938 – 12 October 1939 522
27 Jüri Uluots' cabinet 12 October 1939 – 21 June 1940 254
28 Otto Tief's cabinet (acting) 18 September 1944 – 25 September 1944 8

Cabinet-in exile

Number Government[6] Term of office Days in office
29 Johannes Sikkar's cabinet 12 January 1953 – 22 August 1960 2780
30 Aleksander Warma's cabinet 1 January 1962 – 29 March 1963 453
31 Tõnis Kint's cabinet 1 March 1964 – 8 May 1971 2625
32 Heinrich Mark's cabinet 8 May 1971 – 1 March 1990 6873
33 Enno Penno's cabinet 20 June 1990 – 7 October 1992 841

Governments of the newly independent Estonia

Number Government[7] Term of office Days in office
34 Edgar Savisaar's cabinet (acting) 3 April 1990 – 30 January 1992 668
35 Tiit Vähi's first cabinet (acting) 30 January 1992 – 21 October 1992 266
36 Mart Laar's first cabinet 21 October 1992 – 8 November 1994 749
37 Andres Tarand's cabinet 8 November 1994 – 17 April 1995 161
38 Tiit Vähi's second cabinet 17 April 1995 – 6 November 1995 204
39 Tiit Vähi's third cabinet 6 November 1995 – 17 March 1997 498
40 Mart Siimann's cabinet 17 March 1997 – 25 March 1999 739
41 Mart Laar's second cabinet 25 March 1999 – 28 January 2002 1041
42 Siim Kallas' cabinet 28 January 2002 – 10 April 2003 438
43 Juhan Parts' cabinet 10 April 2003 – 13 April 2005 735
44 Andrus Ansip's first cabinet 13 April 2005 – 5 April 2007 723
45 Andrus Ansip's second cabinet 5 April 2007 – 6 April 2011 1463
46 Andrus Ansip's third cabinet 6 April 2011 – 26 March 2014 1086
47 Taavi Rõivas' first cabinet 26 March 2014 – 9 April 2015 380
48 Taavi Rõivas' second cabinet 9 April 2015 – 23 November 2016 594
49 Jüri Ratas' first cabinet 23 November 2016 – 29 April 2019 886
50 Jüri Ratas' second cabinet 29 April 2019 – 26 January 2021 608
51 Kaja Kallas' cabinet 26 January 2021 – 28

References

  1. ^ "The Constitution of the Republic of Estonia". Riigi Teataja. 16 May 2014.
  2. ^ "Varasemad valitsused". valitsus.ee. Retrieved 21 November 2016.
  3. ^ "Varasemad valitsused". valitsus.ee. Retrieved 21 November 2016.
  4. ^ "Varasemad valitsused". valitsus.ee. Retrieved 21 November 2016.
  5. ^ "Varasemad valitsused". valitsus.ee. Retrieved 21 November 2016.
  6. ^ "Varasemad valitsused". valitsus.ee. Retrieved 21 November 2016.
  7. ^ "Varasemad valitsused". valitsus.ee. Retrieved 21 November 2016.

Sources

External links

Copyright